Pull-in Time Dynamics as a Measure of Absolute Pressure (1997) Raj K. Gupta and Stephen D. Senturia, Downloadable pdf Abstract: The squeezed-film damping component of the pull-in time of an electrostatically-actuated micromechanical fixed-fixed beam is shown to be a sensitive, and nearly linear function of ambient air pressure in the measured range of 0.1 mbar to 1013 mbar (1 atm or 760 Torr). The data and simulations show that pull-in type devices will enable MEMS sensors for broad-range absolute pressure measurements, and for in-situ leak monitoring of hermetically sealed packages containing other sensors or IC´s. The sensors are compatible with any MEMS fabrication processes that allow out-of-plane electrostatic actuation, including surface micromachining and silicon wafer-bonding, and they do not require a cavity sealed at vacuum or at a reference air pressure.
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